China Food and Packaging Machinery Industry

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"China Food and Packaging Machinery Manufacturing From the second half of 2008 by the international financial crisis, though still maintaining the upward trend contrarian, but the growth rate slowed down, obviously not as good as in previous years." China Food and Packaging Machinery Industry Association The Secretary-General Ho south a few days ago, said in an interview.

used wood lathe

Decline in domestic demand rockwell table saw

"Although the food and packaging machinery in the economic operation of large machinery industry to a lesser extent, but obviously not as good as in previous years, the industrial added value." Ho south analysis. 2009 1 August, machinery industry, the industry profit growth of 6.83 percent, while the food and packaging machinery industry profit growth of 18.42 percent, second only to heavy-duty mining machinery (growth rate of 21.66%), slightly higher than the automotive industry ( growth rate of 17.73%). 2009 1 ~ 11 months, packaging machinery exports fell more, down 28.71%. Because the food and packaging machinery industry, export proportion of smaller, decline in exports is not a big impact on the industry. But by the international financial crisis, domestic demand for food and packaging machinery more overall decline.



In 2009 the first 11 months, packaging machinery industry growth are below 10%, output and exports of new products has shown negative growth, in particular the value of new products in 2009, the performance was not very good, with the same period in 2008 compared to 2009 1 November every month on the decline, the first 11 months of decline in more than 20%. "This is a dangerous signal. How the new product development is slowing, or that it had developed a new product is not marketable. Even if a small number of 2009 doing a good business is not enough emphasis on new product development, resulting in insufficient capacity for enterprise development . development of the industry can not rely solely on increased sales of old products, no new product to do technical support, technological progress, where expression? hope to attract industries and enterprises attach great importance. "Ho south to the Secretary-General said, not without concern.



There is a gap can not be ignored

He pointed out that the south, as China's commodity economy prosperity and people's living standards, food packaging machinery packaging is very optimistic about the prospects. In recent years, the state has increased its food and drug quality and safety supervision, production and processing of food packaging technology have put forward new demands.



A number of food-producing enterprises have invested funds for the technological transformation of packaging equipment and production technology innovation, to a certain extent, improve our level of food and drug industries and market competitiveness, but our food packaging machinery in the competition with the developed countries was also evident at a disadvantage. China's packaging machinery industry, about 30% of enterprises with low-level duplicated construction, this situation is not only a waste of limited financial, human and other important resources, but also caused the disorder in packaging machinery market confusion, hinder the healthy development of the industry, constraints China's small and medium food enterprises to upgrade packaging machinery and packaging technology innovation.



China's food packaging machinery more use of single-based, scientific and technological content and a low degree of automation in new technologies, new processes, new materials, applications of small food enterprises in our country can not satisfy the requirements of the development. Some food companies to technological innovation, had to spend a lot of money from abroad a number of technologically advanced, high efficiency, packaging, food packaging sets of high precision production line, leading to a large part of the domestic market share occupied by foreign brands.



Comparison of domestic and foreign brands of food packaging machinery exists between the main gap, mainly in the following two aspects:



First, low productivity, high energy consumption, stability and reliability is poor, product modeling backward, look rough, basic parts and accessories, low life-made pneumatic parts and electrical components of poor quality. For example, Henan Spark Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. in the light of foreign advanced technology, based on the packaging machine to carry out reform and innovation in products, Spark brand series of filling machines are used in pneumatic part of Germany FESTO and Taiwan AirTac pneumatic components.



The second is less control technology. Such as long-distance remote control technology, stepper motor technology, information processing technology.



Today's world, Germany, Italy, the United States and Japan, the level of the leading packaging machinery, in which the United States forming, filling, sealing three kinds of machinery and equipment technology updates soon. Liquid filling equipment, such as the U.S. company (EJF) production of liquid filling machine, a device can be achieved gravity filling, pressure filling, as well as positive-pressure mobile pump-filling. That is, any viscosity of the liquid, as long as the filling by computer control to change the way can be achieved.



In recent years, this technology emerged in China, such as Jiangsu, Qun-Jie Packaging Machinery Factory, Guangzhou, Macao Special Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. and so on.



With the global technology development, the developed countries have nuclear energy technology, microelectronic technology, laser technology, biotechnology and mechanical engineering into the traditional manufacturing technology. The new alloy materials, polymer materials, composite materials, inorganic non-metallic materials such as new materials have also been promoting the application of food packaging machinery, integrated, intelligent, network-based, flexible will become the future mainstream of development.



Packaging machinery industry to face market demand and how to catch up and even surpass the developed countries food packaging machinery, and how to increase the pace of independent innovation, and strive to develop in a short time a group with independent intellectual property rights and the international advanced level products, is placed in our food packaging machinery business before the urgent task.



Development of the market outlook remains bullish

At present, the global demand for packaging machinery 5.3% annual rate. The United States has the largest packaging equipment maker, followed by Japan, other major producers are Germany, Italy and China. But packaging machinery equipment of the fastest growing in the developing countries and regions.



Packaging machinery manufacturers in China to conduct professional research and development of small manufacturers, which is also our shortcomings. However, packaging machinery manufacturers in the country continued efforts of the domestic packaging machinery in the measurement, manufacturing, technical performance and achieved good performance, especially in beer, beverage filling equipment, high-speed, complete sets of high degree of automation and reliability. There are mechanical and electrical integration, the emergence of the automatic packaging machine equipment, surge in demand.



As the market changes, the domestic packaging machinery is also growing, the domestic packaging machinery manufacturers to develop fast, low-cost direction of packaging equipment and packaging machinery equipment already has the company for future product updates, or to increase production line packaging machinery the ratio will rise, especially in food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries need the most pressing.

Grapefruit juice

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Drug interactions

Main article: List of drugs affected by grapefruit

Grapefruit juice, and grapefruit in general, is a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4, which can impact the metabolism of a variety of drugs, increasing their bioavailability. In some cases, this can lead to a fatal interaction with drugs like astemizole or terfenadine. The effect of grapefruit juice with regard to drug absorption was originally discovered in 1989. However, the effect became well-publicized after being responsible for a number of deaths due to overdosing on medication. However, the first published report on grapefruit drug interactions was in 1991 in the Lancet (British) entitled "Interactions of Citrus Juices with Felodipine and Nifedipine." and was the first reported food-drug interaction clinically. candy cane cookies

Recently some researchers have shown that furanocoumarins rather than flavonoids are the ingredients causing the various drug interactions. danish butter cookies

Drugs that may be affected include oxycodone, midazolam, ciclosporin, lovastatin, methadone, dextromethorphan, simvastatin, pravastatin, felodipine, sildenafil (Viagra) and caffeine, as well as a number of antihistamines including astemizole and terfenadine.

Some benzodiazepines have also been reported to increase both the bioavailability of diazepam and greatly slow the rate of metabolisation. An easy way to tell if a medication may be affected by grapefruit juice is by researching whether another known CYP3A4 inhibitor drug is already contraindicated with the active drug of the medication in question. Examples of such known CYP3A4 inhibitors include cisapride (Propulsid), erythromycin, itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), and mibefradil (Posicor)[citation needed].

The flavonoid existing in highest concentration in grapefruit juice is naringin, which in humans is metabolised to naringenin. Other flavonoids exist in grapefruit juice in lower concentrations as well. Orange juice does not contain naringin in as high a concentration, instead containing hesperetin. It is sometimes recommended as a substitute. Juice of limes and Seville oranges can also inhibit drug metabolism, however, as can apple juice with some drugs.

Breast cancer link

A recent study published in the July 2007 edition of the British Journal of Cancer reported that eating grapefruit every day could raise the risk of developing breast cancer by almost a third. The Study found that in the test subjects, 50,000 post-menopausal women, eating just a quarter of a grapefruit daily raised the risk by up to 30%. It is believed that the fruit boosts the levels of estrogen, which in turn increases the risk of developing the disease. However, a 2008 study have shown that grapefruit consumption does not increase breast cancer risk and have found a significant decrease in breast cancer risk with greater intake of grapefruit in women who never used hormone therapy.

See also

Grapefruit spoon

References

This page may also be able to help find problematic links. Several templates are available for formatting. (November 2009)

^ The World's Healthiest Foods; Grapefruit. The George Mateljan Foundation. Article

^ Fellers PJ, Nikdel S, Lee HS (August 1990). "Nutrient content and nutrition labeling of several processed Florida citrus juice products". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 90 (8): 107984. PMID 2380455. 

^ He K, Iyer KR, Hayes RN, Sinz MW, Woolf TF, Hollenberg PF (April 1998). "Inactivation of cytochrome P450 3A4 by bergamottin, a component of grapefruit juice". Chemical Research in Toxicology 11 (4): 2529. doi:10.1021/tx970192k. PMID 9548795. 

^ a b Bailey DG, Malcolm J, Arnold O, Spence JD (August 1998). "Grapefruit juice-drug interactions". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 46 (2): 10110. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00764.x. PMID 9723817. 

^ Garg SK, Kumar N, Bhargava VK, Prabhakar SK (September 1998). "Effect of grapefruit juice on carbamazepine bioavailability in patients with epilepsy". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 64 (3): 2868. doi:10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90177-1. PMID 9757152. 

^ Bailey DG, Dresser GK (2004). "Interactions between grapefruit juice and cardiovascular drugs". American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 4 (5): 28197. doi:10.2165/00129784-200404050-00002. PMID 15449971. 

^ Bressler R (November 2006). "Grapefruit juice and drug interactions. Exploring mechanisms of this interaction and potential toxicity for certain drugs". Geriatrics 61 (11): 128. PMID 17112309. 

^ Bakalar, Nicholas. Experts Reveal the Secret Powers of Grapefruit Juice. New York Times. Published: March 21, 2006. Article

^ http://www.hon.ch/News/HSN/532584.html hon.ch

^ a b Bakalar, Nicholas (2006-03-21). "Experts Reveal the Secret Powers of Grapefruit Juice". The New York Times. p. F6. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/21/health/21grap.html?ex=1300597200&en=61e8347bdb9afac9&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss. Retrieved 2006-11-21. 

^ "http://abello.dic.uchile.cl/~hechavez/articulos/grapefru.htm". http://abello.dic.uchile.cl/~hechavez/articulos/grapefru.htm. 

^ Ozdemir M, Aktan Y, Boydag BS, Cingi MI, Musmul A (1998). "Interaction between grapefruit juice and diazepam in humans". European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 23 (1): 559. PMID 9625273. 

^ BBC NEWS | Health | Grapefruit link to breast cancer

^ Kim EH, Hankinson SE, Eliassen AH, Willett WC (January 2008). "A prospective study of grapefruit and grapefruit juice intake and breast cancer risk" (PDF). Br. J. Cancer 98 (1): 2401. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604105. PMID 18026192. http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v98/n1/pdf/6604105a.pdf. Retrieved 26 June 2009. 

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Oleic acid

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Occurrence

Triglyceride esters of oleic acid comprise the majority of olive oil, though there may be less than 2.0% as actual free acid in the virgin olive oil, while higher concentrations make the olive oil inedible. It also makes up 36-67% of peanut oil, 15-20% of grape seed oil, sea buckthorn oil, and sesame oil, and 14% of poppyseed oil.

Oleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid in human adipose tissue. chocolate fountain recipe

Smell of death mango pulp

Oleic acid is emitted by the decaying corpses of a number of insects, including bees and Pogonomyrmex ants and triggers the instincts of living workers to remove the dead bodies from the hive. If a live bee or ant is daubed with oleic acid, it is dragged off as if it were dead. This is why oleic acid is also sometimes referred as "smell of death". The repellent smell indicates to living insects how to avoid others that have succumbed to disease or places where predators lurk. This "death recognition system" based on a simple fatty acid likely evolved over 400 million years ago.

Chemistry

Oleic acid exhibits the reactions of carboxylic acids and alkenes. It is soluble in aqueous base to give Salts called oleates. Iodine adds across the double bond. Hydrogenation of the double bond give the saturated derivative called stearic acid. Oxidation at the double bond occurs slowly in air and is known as rancidification in foodstuffs and drying in coatings. Reduction of the carboxylic acid group yields oleyl alcohol.

Uses

As an excipient in pharmaceuticals, oleic acid is used as an emulsifying or solubilizing agent in aerosol products.

Health effects

Oleic acid may hinder the progression of ALD, or Adrenoleukodystrophy, a fatal disease that affects the brain and adrenal glands.

Oleic acid may help boost memory.

Oleic and monounsaturated fatty acid levels in the membranes of red blood cells have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Oleic acid may be responsible for the hypotensive (blood pressure reducing) effects of olive oil.

See also

Fatty acids

Linoleic acid

Pheromone

References

^ Oleic acid, Chemical Laboratory Information Profile, American Chemical Society

^ Bishop, Paul L. (2000). Pollution Prevention: Chapter 2 - Properties and Fates of Environmental Contaminants, instructional slides to accompany Pollution Prevention:Fundamentals and Practice, by Paul L. Bishop (ISBN 0-07-366147-3). Retrieved 2005-03-07.

^ http://jhered.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/80/3/252

^ Alfred Thomas (2002). "Fats and Fatty Oils". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173. 

^ Untoro J, Schultink W, West CE, Gross R, Hautvast JG (November 2006). "Efficacy of oral iodized peanut oil is greater than that of iodized poppy seed oil among Indonesian schoolchildren". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 84 (5): 120814. PMID 17093176. 

^ MG Kokatnur, MC Oalmann, WD Johnson, GT Malcom and JP Strong (November 1, 1979). "Fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue from two anatomical sites in a biracial community". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32 (11): 2198. PMID 495536. http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/32/11/2198. 

^ Anies Hannawati Purnamadjaja, R. Andrew Russell (2005). "Pheromone communication in a robot swarm: necrophoric bee behaviour and its replication". Robotica 23 (6): 731742. doi:10.1017/S0263574704001225. 

^ Ayasse, M, Paxton, R (2002) Brood protection in social insects. In: Hilker, M, Meiners, T (eds.). Chemoecology of Insect Eggs and Egg Deposition. Blackwell, Berlin, 117-148.

^ Krulwich, Robert (2009). "Hey I'm Dead! The Story Of The Very Lively Ant" http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102601823

^ Walker, Matt (2009-09-09). "Ancient 'smell of death' revealed". BBC - Earth News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8232000/8232607.stm. Retrieved 2009-09-13. 

^ Smolinske, Susan C. (1992). Handbook of Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Excipients. pp. 247248. ISBN 084933585X, 9780849335853. 

^ "Adrenoleukodystrophy: oleic acid lowers fibroblast saturated C22-26 fatty acids". National Center for Biotechnology Information. 1986-03-03. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3951702. Retrieved 2008-10-07. 

^ "Fatty foods 'offer memory boost'". BBC. 27 April 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8020218.stm. 

^ Valeria Pala, Vittorio Krogh, Paola Muti, Vronique Chajs, Elio Riboli, Andrea Micheli, Mitra Saadatian, Sabina Sieri, Franco Berrino (July 18, 2001). "Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids and Subsequent Breast Cancer: a Prospective Italian Study". JNCL 93 (14): 1088. doi:10.1093/jnci/93.14.1088. PMID 11459870. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/93/14/1088. Retrieved 2008-11-30. 

^ Ters, S; Barcel-Coblijn, G; Benet, M; Alvarez, R; Bressani, R; Halver, Je; Escrib, Pv (September 2008). "Oleic acid content is responsible for the reduction in blood pressure induced by olive oil". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 (37): 13811. doi:10.1073/pnas.0807500105. PMID 18772370. 

External links

NIST Chemistry Webbook

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Lipids: fatty acids

Saturated

Acetic (C2) Propionic (C3) Butyric (C4) Valeric (C5) Hexanoic (C6) Heptanoic (C7) Caprylic (C8) Nonanoic (C9) Capric (C10) Lauric (C12) Myristic (C14) Palmitic (C16) Heptadecanoic (C17) Stearic (C18) Arachidic (C20) Behenic (C22) Lignoceric (C24)

n3 Unsaturated

-Linolenic Stearidonic Eicosapentaenoic Docosahexaenoic

n6 Unsaturated

Linoleic -Linolenic Dihomo--linolenic Arachidonic

n9 Unsaturated

Oleic Elaidic Eicosenoic Erucic Nervonic

Categories: Fatty acids | Carboxylic acids | Excipients | Pheromones | Insect ecology | Insect repellents