Toyota

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Name

Toyota headquarters in Toyota City, Japan

Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (), from the family name of the company's founder, Kiichir Toyoda. In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out of 27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanese katakana letters for "Toyoda" in a circle. But Risabur Toyoda, who had married into the family and was not born with that name, preferred "Toyota" () because it took eight brush strokes (a fortuitous number) to write in Japanese, was visually simpler (leaving off the diacritic at the end) and with a voiceless consonant instead of a voiced one (voiced consonants are considered to have a "murky" or "muddy" sound compared to voiceless consonants, which are "clear"). Since "Toyoda" literally means "fertile rice paddies", changing the name also helped to distance the company from associations with old-fashioned farming. The newly formed word was trademarked and the company was registered in August 1937 as the "Toyota Motor Company". used compact tractors

In predominantly Chinese-speaking countries or regions using traditional Chinese characters, e.g. Hong Kong and Taiwan, Toyota is known as "". In predominantly Chinese speaking countries using simplified Chinese characters (e.g. China), Toyota is known as "" (pronounced as "Fngtin" in the Mandarin Chinese dialect). These are the same characters as the founding family's name "Toyoda" in Japanese, which translate to "fertile rice paddies" in the Chinese language as well. mahindra tractor

From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name "Toyopet" (). The first vehicle sold under this name was the Toyopet SA but it also included vehicles such as the Toyopet SB light truck, Toyopet Stout light truck, Toyopet Crown and the Toyopet Corona. However, when Toyota eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to connotations of toys and pets. The name was soon dropped for the American market but continued in other markets until the mid 1960s. ford 5000 tractor

History

Main article: History of Toyota

Toyota started in 1933 as a division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works devoted to the production of automobiles under the direction of the founder's son, Kiichiro Toyoda. Its first vehicles were the A1 passenger car and the G1 in 1935. Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent company in 1937.

Recent company developments

Financial crisis of 20072010

On May 8, 2009, Toyota reported a record annual net loss of US$4.4 billion, making it the latest automobile maker to be severely affected by the 2007-2010 financial crisis.

20092010 vehicle recalls

Main article: 20092010 Toyota vehicle recalls

In January 2010, Toyota announced recalling up to 1.8 million cars across Europe, including about 220,000 in the UK, following an accelerator problem.

The US Transportation Department has opened an investigation into brake problems in Toyota vehicles. This is after the department received 124 reports from drivers about the issue, including four involving crashes.

The company said its recall could cost the company up to US$2 billion (GB1.25 billion)[clarification needed] in lost output and sales. Toyota later recalled the Prius model after problems were found in the ABS system.

Many Toyota models were involved, covering 2007-2010 model years.

The U.S. Sales Chief, James Lentz, was questioned by the United States Congress committees on Oversight and Investigations on February 23, 2010, as a result of recent recalls.

Company overview

With over 30 million sold, the Corolla is one of the most popular and best selling cars in the world.

The Toyota Motor Company received its first Japanese Quality Control Award at the start of the 1980s and began participating in a wide variety of motorsports. Due to the 1973 oil crisis, consumers in the lucrative U.S. market began turning to small cars with better fuel economy. American car manufacturers had considered small economy cars to be an "entry level" product, and their small vehicles employed a low level of quality in order to keep the price low.

By the early sixties, the US had begun placing stiff import tariffs on certain vehicles. The Chicken tax of 1964 placed a 25% tax on imported commercials vans. In response to the tariff, Toyota, Nissan Motor Co. and Honda Motor Co. began building plants in the U.S. by the early eighties.

In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, the Toyota Motor Corporation. Two years later, Toyota entered into a joint venture with GM called NUMMI, the New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc, operating an automobile-manufacturing plant in Fremont, California. The factory was an old General Motors plant that had been closed for two years. Toyota then started to establish new brands at the end of the 1980s, with the launch of their luxury division Lexus in 1989.

In the 1990s, Toyota began to branch out from producing mostly compact cars by adding many larger and more luxurious vehicles to its lineup, including a full-sized pickup, the T100 (and later the Tundra); several lines of SUVs; a sport version of the Camry, known as the Camry Solara; and the Scion brand, a group of several affordable, yet sporty, automobiles targeted specifically to young adults. Toyota also began production of the world's best-selling hybrid car, the Prius, in 1997.

With a major presence in Europe, due to the success of Toyota Team Europe, the corporation decided to set up TMME, Toyota Motor Europe Marketing & Engineering, to help market vehicles in the continent. Two years later, Toyota set up a base in the United Kingdom, TMUK, as the company's cars had become very popular among British drivers. Bases in Indiana, Virginia and Tianjin were also set up. In 1999, the company decided to list itself on the New York and London Stock Exchanges.

Toyota Deutschland's headquarters in Cologne

In 2001, Toyota's Toyo Trust and Banking merged to form the UFJ, United Financials of Japan, which was accused of corruption by the Japan's government for making bad loans to alleged Yakuza crime syndicates with executives accused of blocking Financial Service Agency inspections. The UFJ was listed among Fortune Magazine's largest money-losing corporations in the world, with Toyota's chairman serving as a director. At the time, the UFJ was one of the largest shareholders of Toyota. As a result of Japan's banking crisis, the UFJ was merged again to become Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.

In 2002, Toyota managed to enter a Formula One works team and establish joint ventures with French motoring companies Citron and Peugeot a year after Toyota started producing cars in France.

Toyota ranked eighth on Forbes 2000 list of the world's leading companies for the year 2005. The company was number one in global automobile sales for the first quarter of 2008.

On December 7, 2004, a U.S. press release was issued stating that Toyota would be offering Sirius Satellite Radios. However, as late as January 27, 2007, Sirius Satellite Radio and XM Satellite radio kits were not available for Toyota factory radios.[citation needed] While the press release enumerated nine models, only limited availability existed at the dealer level in the U.S. As of 2008, all Toyota and Scion models have either standard or available XM radio kits. Major Lexus dealerships have been offering satellite radio kits for Lexus vehicles since 2005, in addition to factory-equipped satellite radio models.

In 2007, Toyota released an update of its full size truck, the Tundra, produced in two American factories, one in Texas and one in Indiana. "Motor Trend" named the Tundra "Truck of the Year," and the 2007 Toyota Camry "Car of the Year" for 2007. It also began the construction of two new factories, one to build the RAV4 in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada and the other to build the Toyota Prius in Blue Springs, Mississippi, USA. This plant was originally intended to build the Toyota Highlander, but Toyota decided to use the plant in Princeton, Indiana, USA, instead. The company has also found recent success with its smaller modelshe Corolla and Yariss gas prices have risen rapidly in the last few years.

In 2009-2010, the company was heavily in debt and had to request a loan of more than $3 billion from a bank backed by the Japanese government.

Logo and branding

The 1936 Toyota Model AA, with the original Toyoda logo

In 1936, Toyota entered the passenger car market with its Model AA and held a competition to establish a new logo emphasizing speed for its new product line. After receiving 27,000 entries, one was selected that additionally resulted in a change of its monikor to "Toyota" from the family name "Toyoda." It was believed that the new name sounded better and its eight-stroke count in the Japanese language was associated with wealth and good fortune. The original logo no longer is found on its vehicles but remains the corporate emblem used in Japan.

Still, there were no guidelines for the use of the brand name, "TOYOTA", which was used throughout most of the world, which led to inconsistencies in its worldwide marketing campaigns.

MEGAWEB, Toyota's permanent exhibition showroom and museum in Odaiba, Tokyo

To remedy this, Toyota introduced a new worldwide logo in 1989 in conjunction with and to differentiate it from the newly released luxury Lexus brand. There are three ovals in the new logo that combine to for the letter "T", which stands for Toyota. The overlapping of the two perpendicular ovals inside the larger oval represent the mutually beneficial relationship and trust that is placed between the customer and the company while the larger oval that surrounds both of these inner ovals represent the "global expansion of Toyota's technology and unlimited potential for the future."

The logo started appearing on all printed material, advertisements, and dealer signage starting in 1990 and on the cars themselves in 1991.

Toyota Trademarks

The stylized Toyota logo word in stylized form, trademarked at the USPTO, and filed by Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

1957 is the year the first Toyota vehicles were exported to the United States by the Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. However, it wasn't until Friday, June 9, 1967 that the first trademark application with the USPTO for TOYOTA was filed by Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Gaisha. The trademark application was filed for Automobiles and motor trucks in Class 19, Non-metallic Building Materials. It also indicates the first use of the trademark name was on March 29, 1958. The application also includes a reference that, "Toyota" translates in English to, "Richfield." This is likely a variation of the Toyoda family name translation of "fertile rice paddies." U.S. trademark registration was on January 30, 1968.

The stylized depiction of the letter "T" logo, trademarked at the USPTO, and filed by Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Toyota also submitted trademark application at the same time on June 9, 1967 for the first auto models imported to the United States Corona, and Crown. Registration was granted on January 30, 1968 and February 6, 1968 respectively.

Regarding Toyota's current "T" logo, a trademark was filed on Friday, September 15, 1989 with registration to Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha granted on October 12, 1993. The "T" design code is described by the USPTO with multiple descriptions for the geometric designed logo. Code 26032 for, "Plain single line ovals;" 260316 for, "Ovals touching or intersecting;" 260317 for, "Concentric ovals and ovals within ovals;" and 270301 for, "Geometric figures forming letter or numerals, including punctuation." The "T" trademark is filed in the Vehicles and Products for locomotion by land, air or water category for automobiles and structural parts thereof.

Toyota, Corona, Crown, and the "T" logo trademarks are all registered and renewed and owned by Toyota Motor Company, Ltd., Toyota-shi, Aichi-ken, Japan.

Marketing

Toyota's marketing efforts have focused on emphasizing the positive experiences of ownership and vehicle quality. The ownership experience has been targeted in slogans such as "Oh, what a feeling!" (1978-1985, in the U.S.),, "Who could ask for anything more" (1986-1989), "I love what you do for me, Toyota!" (1990-1997), "Everyday" (1997-2000)", "Get the feeling!" (2001-2004), and "Moving Forward" (2004-present).

Toyota philosophy

Main article: The Toyota Way

Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the company's origins and has been reflected in the terms "Lean Manufacturing" and Just In Time Production, which it was instrumental in developing. Toyota's managerial values and business methods are known collectively as the Toyota Way.

In April 2001 the Toyota Motor Corporation adopted the "Toyota Way 2001," an expression of values and conduct guidelines that all Toyota employees should embrace. Under the two headings of Respect for People and Continuous Improvement, Toyota summarizes its values and conduct guidelines with the following five principles:

Challenge

Kaizen (improvement)

Genchi Genbutsu (go and see)

Respect

Teamwork

According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components:

Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions.

A process for problem-solving.

Adding value to the organization by developing its people.

Recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning.

The Toyota Way incorporates the Toyota Production System.

Toyota Production System

Main article: Toyota Production System

Toyota has long been recognized as an industry leader in manufacturing and production. Three stories of its origin have been found, one that they studied Piggly-Wiggly's just-in-time distribution system, one that they followed the writings of W. Edwards Deming, and one that they were given the principles from a U.S. Army training program (Training Within Industry). It is possible that all these, and more, are true. Regardless of the origin, the principles described by Toyota in its management philosophy, The Toyota Way, are: Challenge, Kaizen (improvement), Genchi Genbutsu (go and see), Respect, and Teamwork.

As described by external observers of Toyota, the principles of the Toyota Way are:

Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term goals

Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface

Use "pull" systems to avoid overproduction

Level out the workload

Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right the first time

Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment

Use visual control so no problems are hidden

Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes

Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others

Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your company philosophy

Respect your extended network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them improve

Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation (genchi genbutsu)

Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options; implement decisions rapidly

Become a learning organization through relentless reflection and continuous improvement

Operations

Toyota Pavilion at the Expo in Aichi

Toyota has grown to a large multinational corporation from where it started and expanded to different worldwide markets and countries. It displaced GM and became the world's largest automaker for the year 2008. It held the title of the most profitable automaker ($11 billion in 2006) along with increasing sales in, among other countries, the United States. The world headquarters of Toyota are located in its home country in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. Its subsidiary, Toyota Financial Services sells financing and participates in other lines of business. Toyota brands include Scion and Lexus and the corporation is part of the Toyota Group. Toyota also owns majority stakes in Daihatsu, and 16.7% of Fuji Heavy Industries, which manufactures Subaru vehicles. They also acquired 5.9% of Isuzu Motors Ltd. on November 7, 2006 and will be introducing Isuzu diesel technology into their products.

Toyota has introduced new technologies including one of the first mass-produced hybrid gas-electric vehicles, of which it says it has sold 1 million globally (2007-06-07), Advanced Parking Guidance System (automatic parking), a four-speed electronically controlled automatic with buttons for power and economy shifting, and an eight-speed automatic transmission. Toyota, and Toyota-produced Lexus and Scion automobiles, consistently rank near the top in certain quality and reliability surveys, primarily J.D. Power and Consumer Reports although they led in automobile recalls for the first time in 2009.

In 2005, Toyota, combined with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu Motor Company, produced 8.54 million vehicles, about 500,000 fewer than the number produced by GM that year. Toyota has a large market share in the United States, but a small market share in Europe. Its also sells vehicles in Africa and is a market leader in Australia. Due to its Daihatsu subsidiary it has significant market shares in several fast-growing Southeast Asian countries.

Century Royal is the official state car of the current Emperor of Japan.

According to the 2008 Fortune Global 500, Toyota Motor is the fifth largest company in the world. Since the recession of 2001, it has gained market share in the United States. Toyota's market share struggles in Europe where its Lexus brand has three tenths of one percent market share, compared to nearly two percent market share as the U.S. luxury segment leader.

In the first three months of 2007, Toyota together with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu reported number one sales of 2.348 million units. Toyota's brand sales had risen 9.2% largely on demand for Corolla and Camry sedans. The difference in performance was largely attributed to surging demand for fuel-efficient vehicles. In November 2006, Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas added a facility in San Antonio. Toyota has experienced quality problems and was reprimanded by the government in Japan for its recall practices. Toyota currently maintains over 16% of the US market share and is listed second only to GM in terms of volume. Toyota Century Royal is the official state car of the Japanese imperial family, namely for the current Emperor of Japan.

Toyota was hit by the global financial crisis of 2008 as it was forced in December 2008 to forecast its first annual loss in 70 years. In January 2009 it announced the closure of all of its Japanese plants for 11 days to reduce output and stocks of unsold vehicles.

Early in 2009, media sources reported that Akio Toyoda, grandson of the founder, will be promoted in June from vice-president to the position of President, replacing Katsuaki Watanabe. Akio Toyoda became the new president and CEO of the company on June 23, 2009 by replacing Katsuaki Watanabe who became the new vice chairman by replacing Katsuhiro Nakagawa.

Worldwide presence

The Camry is assembled in several facilities around the world including Australia, China ,Taiwan, UAE, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, India, Vietnam and the United States.

Toyota has factories in most parts of the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets. Toyota has manufacturing or assembly plants in Japan, Australia, India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Colombia, the United Kingdom, the United States, UAE, France, Brazil, Portugal, and more recently, Argentina, Czech Republic, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, Egypt, China, Vietnam, Venezuela, the Philippines, and Russia.

In 2002, Toyota initiated the "Innovative International Multi-purpose vehicle" project (IMV) to optimize global manufacturing and supply systems for pickup trucks and multipurpose vehicles, and to satisfy market demand in more than 140 countries worldwide. IMV called for diesel engines to be made in Thailand, gasoline engines in Indonesia and manual transmissions in the Philippines, for supply to the countries charged with vehicle production. For vehicle assembly, Toyota would use plants in Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina, South Africa and Pakistan. These four main IMV production and export bases supply Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Latin America and the Middle East with three IMV vehicles: The Toyota Hilux (Vigo), the Fortuner, and the Toyota Innova.

Toyota North America

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Main article: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America

Toyota Motor North America headquarters is located in New York City and operates at a holding company level in North America. Its manufacturing headquarters is located in Hebron, Kentucky, and is known as Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, or TEMA.

A Toyota dealership in Fremont, California.

Toyota Canada Inc. has been in production in Canada since 1983 with an aluminium wheel plant in Delta, British Columbia which currently employs a workforce of roughly 260. Its first vehicle assembly plant, in Cambridge, Ontario since 1988, now produces Corolla compact cars, Matrix crossover vehicles and Lexus RX 350 luxury SUVs, with a workforce of 4,300 workers. Its second assembly operation in Woodstock, Ontario began manufacturing the RAV4 late in 2008. In 2006, Toyota's subsidiary Hino Motors opened a heavy duty truck plant, also in Woodstock, employing 45 people and producing 2000 trucks annually.

Toyota has a large presence in the United States with five major assembly plants in Huntsville, Alabama; Georgetown, Kentucky; Princeton, Indiana; San Antonio, Texas; Buffalo, West Virginia. A new plant slated to be built in Blue Springs, Mississippi has been put on hold owing to the financial crisis that erupted in late 2008. Toyota had a joint-venture operation with General Motors at New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI), in Fremont, California, which began in 1984 and ended in 2009. It still has a joint-venture with Subaru at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. (SIA), in Lafayette, Indiana, which started in 2006. Production on a new manufacturing plant in Tupelo, Mississippi was scheduled for completion in 2010 but is currently on indefinite hold. North America is a major automobile market for Toyota. In these assembly plants, the Camry and the Tundra are manufactured, among others.

Toyota marketing, sales, and distribution in the U.S. are conducted through a separate subsidiary, Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. Toyota uses a number of slogans in its American TV commercials such as It's time to move forward, Smart way to keep moving forward, or Moving forward. It has started producing larger trucks, such as the new Tundra, to go after the large truck market in the United States. Toyota is also pushing hybrid vehicles in the US such as the Prius, Camry Hybrid, Highlander Hybrid, and various Lexus products.

Toyota has sold more hybrid vehicles in the country than any other manufacturer. Toyota is a public corporation and the company's shares are traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange. Toyota also sponsors Club Deportivo Guadalajara.

Electric technology

Toyota Prius, flagship of Toyota's hybrid technology

Main articles: Hybrid Synergy Drive and Hybrid electric vehicle

Toyota is one of the largest companies to push hybrid vehicles in the market and the first to commercially mass-produce and sell such vehicles, an example being the Toyota Prius. The company eventually began providing this option on the main smaller cars such as Camry and later with the Lexus divisions, producing some hybrid luxury vehicles. It labeled such technology in Toyota cars as "Hybrid Synergy Drive" and in Lexus versions as "Lexus Hybrid Drive."

The Prius has become the top selling hybrid car in America. Toyota, as a brand, now has three hybrid vehicles in its lineup: the Prius, Highlander, and Camry. The popular minivan Toyota Sienna is scheduled to join the hybrid lineup by 2010, and by 2030 Toyota plans to offer its entire lineup of cars, trucks, and SUVs with a Hybrid Synergy Drive option.[citation needed]

Worldwide sales of hybrid vehicles produced by Toyota reached 1.0 million vehicles by May 31, 2007, and the 2.0 million mark was reached by August 31, 2009, with hybrids sold in 50 countries. Toyota's hybrid sales are led by the Prius, with worldwide cumulative sales of 1.43 million by August 2009. Toyota's CEO has committed to eventually making every car of the company a hybrid vehicle.

Lexus LS 600h hybrid sedan.

Lexus also has their own hybrid lineup, consisting of the GS 450h, RX 400h, and launched in 2007, the LS 600h/LS 600h L.

Toyota has said it plans to make a hybrid-electric system available on every vehicle it sells worldwide sometime in the 2010s.

Toyota and Honda have already said they've halved the incremental cost of electric hybrids and see cost parity in the future (even without incentives).

Hybrids are viewed by some automakers as a core segment of the future vehicle market.

Plug-in hybrids

Main article: Plug-in hybrid

Plug-in Prius concept

After General Motors announced it would produce the Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid, Toyota announced that it, too, would make one. Toyota is currently testing its "Toyota Plug-in HV" in Japan, the United States, and Europe. Like GM's Volt, it uses a lithium-ion battery pack. The PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) could have a lower environmental impact than existing hybrids.

On June 5, 2008, A123Systems announced that its Hymotion plug-in hybrid conversion kits for the Prius would be installed by six dealers, including four Toyota dealerships: Westboro Toyota in Boston, Fitzgerald Toyota in Washington D.C., Toyota of Hollywood in Los Angeles, and Madison Wisconsin-based Smart Motors.

All-electric vehicles

Toyota is speeding up the development of vehicles that run only on electricity with the aim of mass-producing them in the early part of the next decade. Road tests for the current prototype, called "e-com", had ended in 2006.

Pickup trucks

2007 Tundra Double Cab

The Tundra is a full-size pickup truck sold by Toyota that originally went into production in 1999 for the 2000 US model year. As of early 2010, the Tundra has captured 16 percent of the full-size half-ton market in the US.[citation needed]

The all new Tundra is assembled in San Antonio, Texas, US, while the Crew Max is assembled in Mooreland, Indiana, US. Toyota Motor Corporation assembled around 150,000 Standard and Double Cabs, and only 70,000 Crew Max's in 2007.

In addition to the Tundra, Toyota also produces the Tacoma, with a smaller body and smaller engine than its bigger brother. The Tacoma is also produced at the company's San Antonio facility.

Outside the United States, Toyota produces the Hilux in Standard and double cab, gasoline and diesel engine, 2WD and 4WD versions. The BBC's Top Gear TV show featured 2 episodes of a Hilux that was virtually indestructible.

Motorsport

Toyota has been involved in many global motorsports series. They also represent their Lexus brand in other sports car racing categories. Toyota also makes engines and other auto parts for other Japanese motorsports including formula Nippon,Super GT, formula 3 and formula Toyota series. Toyota also runs a driver development programme known as TDP (Toyota Young Drivers Program) which they made for funding and educating future Japanese motorsports talent. Toyota Motorsport GmbH, with and headquarters in Cologne, Germany) was previously responsible for Toyota's major motorsports development including Formula One. Toyota Motorsport GmbH also developed cars for World Rally Championship and Le Mans Series. Toyota enjoyed success in all these motorsports categories. In 2002, Toyota entered Formula One as a constructor and engine supplier, however despite having experienced drivers and a larger budget than many other teams, they failed to match their success in other categories, with five second places their best results. On 4 November 2009 Toyota announced they were pulling out of the sport due to the global economic situation.

TRD

Toyota Racing Development was brought about to help develop true high performance racing parts for many Toyota vehicles. TRD has often had much success with their after market tuning parts, as well as designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing.TRD is also responsible for Toyota's involvement in NASCAR motorsports.

Non-automotive activities

Aerospace

Toyota is a minority shareholder in Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, having invested US$67.2 million in the new venture which will produce the Mitsubishi Regional Jet, slated for first deliveries in 2013. Toyota has also studied participation in the general aviation market and contracted with Scaled Composites to produce a proof-of-concept aircraft, the TAA-1 in 2002.

Philanthropy

The Toyota Municipal Museum of Art in Aichi, sponsored by the manufacturer

Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Family Literacy Programme along with National Center for Family Literacy, helping low-income community members for education, United Negro College Fund (40 annual scholarships), National Underground Railroad Freedom Center ($1 million) among others. Toyota created the Toyota USA Foundation.

Higher education

Toyota established the Toyota Technological Institute in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute founded the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago in 2003. Toyota is supporter of the "Toyota Driving Expectations Program," "Toyota Youth for Understanding Summer Exchange Scholarship Program," "Toyota International Teacher Program," "Toyota TAPESTRY," "Toyota Community Scholars" (scholarship for high school students), "United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Internship Program," and "Toyota Funded Scholarship." It has contributed to a number of local education and scholarship programs for the University of Kentucky, Indiana, and others.

Robotics

Toyota trumpet-playing robot

In 2004, Toyota showcased its trumpet-playing robot. Toyota has been developing multitask robots destined for elderly care, manufacturing, and entertainment. A specific example of Toyota's involvement in robotics for the elderly is the Brain Machine Interface. Designed for use with wheelchairs, it "allows a person to control an electric wheelchair accurately, almost in real-time", with his mind. The thought controls allow the wheelchair to go left, right and forward with a delay between thought and movement of just 125 milliseconds.

Finance

Toyota Financial Services Corporation provides financing to Toyota customers.

Agricultural biotechnology

Toyota invests in several small start-up businesses and partnerships in biotechnology, including:

P.T. Toyota Bio Indonesia in Lampung, Indonesia

Australian Afforestation Pty. Ltd. in Western Australia and Southern Australia

Toyota Floritech Co., Ltd. in Rokkasho-Mura, Kamikita District, Aomori Prefecture

Sichuan Toyota Nitan Development Co., Ltd. in Sichuan, China

Toyota Roof Garden Corporation in Miyoshi-Cho, Aichi Prefecture

Financial information

Toyota is publicly traded on the Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Fukuoka, and Sapporo exchanges under company code TYO: 7203. In addition, Toyota is foreign-listed on the New York Stock Exchange under NYSE: TM and on the London Stock Exchange under LSE: TYT. Toyota has been publicly traded in Japan since 1949 and internationally since 1999.

As reported on its consolidated financial statements, Toyota has 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates.

Toyota Motor North America (100% - 2004)

Toyota Canada Inc. owned via Toyota Motor North America

Toyota Tsusho - Trading company for the Toyota Group

Daihatsu Motor Company (51.2% - March 31, 2006)

Lexus 100% (1989)

Scion 100% (2003)

DENSO (24.74% - September 30, 2006)

Toyota Industries (23.51% - March 31, 2006)

Aisin Seiki Co. (23.0% - September 30, 2006)

Fuji Heavy Industries (16.66% - June 28, 2008)

Isuzu Motors (5,9% - November 10, 2006)

PT Toyota Astra Motor (49% - 2003)

PT Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia (95% - 2003)

Government bailouts

Toyota's financial unit has asked for an emergency loan from a state-backed lender on March 16, 2009, with reports putting the figure at more than $3 billion. It says the international financial situation is squeezing its business, forcing it to ask for an emergency loan from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation. It is the first time the state-backed bank has been asked to lend to a Japanese car manufacturer.

Production and sales numbers

Typical breakdown of sales by region

Calendar Year

Total

Japan

United States

Production

Sales

Production

Sales

Sales

1935

20

1936

1,142

1937

4,013

1938

4,615

1939

11,981

1940

14,787

1941

14,611

1942

16,302

1943

9,827

1944

12,720

1945

3,275

1946

5,821

1947

3,922

1948

6,703

1949

10,824

1950

11,706

1951

14,228

1952

42,106

1953

16,496

1954

22,713

1955

22,786

1956

46,716

1957

79,527

1958

78,856

1959

101,194

1960

154,770

1961

210,937

1962

230,350

1963

318,495

1964

425,764

1965

477,643

1966

587,539

1967

832,130

1968

1,097,405

1969

1,471,211

1970

1,609,190

1971

1,955,033

1972

2,087,133

1973

2,308,098

1974

2,114,980

1975

2,336,053

1976

2,487,851

1977

2,720,758

1978

2,929,157

1979

2,996,225

1980

3,293,344

1981

3,220,418

1982

3,144,557

1983

3,272,335

1984

3,429,249

1985

3,665,622

1986

3,660,167

1987

3,638,279

1988

3,956,697

2,120,273

1989

3,975,902

2,308,863

1990

4,212,373

2,504,291

1991

4,085,071

2,355,356

1992

3,931,341

2,228,941

1993

3,561,750

2,057,848

1994

3,508,456

2,031,064

1995

3,171,277

2,060,125

1996

3,410,060

2,135,276

1997

3,502,046

2,005,949

1998

1999

2000

1,619,206

2001

1,741,254

2002

1,756,127

2003

1,866,314

2004

2,060,049

2005

2,260,296

2006

2,542,524

2007

8,180,000

8,524,000

5,100,000

2,273,000

2,620,825

2008

8,547,000

8,913,000

5,160,000

2,188,000

2,217,662

2009

1,770,149[citation needed]

Japan production numbers 1937 to 1987.

Outcomes

Until recently, Toyota was the world largest automaker in terms of sales, net worth, revenue, and profits. According to Stephen Spier, Toyota has been an industry leader since the 1960s and had consistently been more productive than its competitors. The company has been widely recognized for the quality of its products and production systems.[citation needed] Recently automaker Volkswagen passed Toyota as world's largest with the purchase of Porsche.[citation needed][clarification needed]

Environmental record

The Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) implemented its Fourth Environmental Action Plan in 2005. The plan contains four major themes involving the environment and the corporation's development, design, production, and sales. The five-year plan is directed at the, "arrival of a revitalized recycling-based society." Toyota had previously released its Eco-Vehicle Assessment System (Eco-VAS) which is a systematic life cycle assessment of the effect a vehicle will have on the environment including production, usage, and disposal. The assessment includes, "... fuel efficiency, emissions and noise during vehicle use, the disposal recovery rate, the reduction of substances of environmental concern, and CO2 emissions throughout the life cycle of the vehicle from production to disposal." 2008 marks the ninth year for Toyota's Environmental Activities Grant Program which has been implemented every year since 2000. Themes of the 2008 program consist of "Global Warming Countermeasures" and "Biodiversity Conservation."

Since October 2006, Toyota's new Japanese-market vehicle models with automatic transmissions are equipped with an Eco Drive Indicator. The system takes into consideration rate of acceleration, engine and transmission efficiency, and speed. When the vehicle is operated in a fuel-efficient manner, the Eco Drive Indicator on the instrument panel lights up. Individual results vary depending on traffic issues, starting and stopping the vehicle, and total distance traveled, but the Eco Drive Indicator may improve fuel efficiency by as much as 4%. Along with Toyota's eco-friendly objectives on production and use, the company plans to donate $1 million and five vehicles to the Everglades National Park. The money will be used to fund environmental programs at the park. This donation is part of a program which provides $5 million and 23 vehicles for five national parks and the National Parks Foundation. However new figures from the United States National Research Council show that the continuing hidden health costs of the auto industry to the US economy in 2005 amounted to 56 million US dollars.

The United States EPA has awarded Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc (TEMA) with a ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence Award in 2007, 2008 and 2009

In 2007, Toyota's Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) fleet average of 26.69 mpg-US (8.813 L/100 km; 32.05 mpg-imp) exceeded all other major manufactures selling cars within the United States. Only Lotus Cars which sold the Elise and Exige powered by Toyota's 2ZZ-GE engine did better with an average of 30.2 mpg-US (7.79 L/100 km; 36.3 mpg-imp). In recent years, there has been some competition between Toyota, General Motors and Volkswagen for the unofficial title of 'worlds largest automaker' by sales volume.

See also

Companies portal

Japanese Car portal

Cars portal

Hiroshi Okuda

Leading firms by activity

The Toyota Group

List of Toyota vehicles

List of Toyota engines

List of Toyota manufacturing facilities

List of Toyota transmissions

Toyota Production System

Toyota Center, a sports arena in Houston, Texas where the company owns naming rights

Australian Motor Industries

Toyota Australia

Toyota Verblitz - the company's rugby team

Nagoya Grampus formerly the company's football (soccer) club and still sponsored by them

G-BOOK a telematic service offered in Japan

References

^ TOYOTA: Company > Company Profile

^ a b c d e Yahoo Income Statement

^ TOYOTA: Company > Company Profile

^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/21/AR2009012101216.html

^ http://www.autoblog.com/2009/01/21/toyota-finally-displaces-gm-as-worlds-largest-automaker/

^ [dead link]

^ http://www.japan-zone.com/modern/company6.shtml

^ "The Long Run Toyota: The first 40 years in Australia", Pedr Davis, South Hurstville: Type Forty Pty Ltd, 1999, ISBN 0-947079-908, p24.

^ "Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years", Toyota Motor Corporation, 1988, ISBN 0-517-61777-3, p64.

^ Dawson, Chester (2004). "Lexus: The Relentless Pursuit", Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2004, ISBN 0470821108, p12.

^ Crown motors HK

^ Toyota China

^ Toyota archives (English)(Japanese)

^ "Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years", Toyota Motor Corporation, 1988, ISBN 0-517-61777-3, p102.

^ "Toyota Truck 48HP", Toyota brochure No. 228, Japan

^ Toyota's 50th Anniversary in America Toyopet, retrieved on 4 August 2008

^ Toyota Company History from 1867 to 1939

^ "Toyota recalls 'up to 1.8m' cars". BBC. 2010-01-30. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8487984.stm. Retrieved 2010-02-06. 

^ "US to probe Toyota Prius brake problems". BBC. 2010-02-04. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8497471.stm. Retrieved 2010-02-06. 

^ "Toyota car recall may cost $2bn". BBC. 2010-02-04. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8493414.stm. Retrieved 2010-02-02. 

^ http://money.cnn.com/2010/02/23/autos/Toyota_recall_hearing/index.htm?hpt=T1

^ a b "To Outfox the Chicken Tax, Ford Strips Its Own Vans". The Wall Street Journal, Matthew Dolan, September 22, 2009. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125357990638429655.html. 

^ Ex-UFJ Execs.Japan Times Weekly: April 30, 2005.

^ UFJ Holdings Inc., company profile Yahoo Finance. Retrieved on May 8, 2007.

^ "Forbes Global 2000". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/lists/results.jhtml?passListId=18&passYear=2004&passListType=Company&searchParameter1=unset&searchParameter2=unset&resultsStart=1&resultsHowMany=100&resultsSortProperties=%2Bnumberfield1%2C%2Bstringfield2&resultsSortCategoryName=rank&passKeyword=&category1=category&category2=category&fromColumnClick=true. Retrieved 2008-12-27. 

^ "Toyota Claims World's Best-Selling Automaker Title". Automotive (US News). 2008-04-24. http://usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/cars-trucks/daily-news/080424-Toyota-Claims-World-s-Best-Selling-Automaker-Title/. Retrieved 2008-12-27. 

^ http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/03/2506461.htm

^ "Company > Vision & Philosophy > Nov/Dec 2004". TOYOTA. http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/vision/traditions/nov_dec_04.html. Retrieved 2009-10-31. 

^ http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/history/index.html

^ http://www.trademarkia.com/corona-72273450.html

^ http://www.trademarkia.com/crown-72273451.html

^ http://www.trademarkia.com/t-73825666.html

^ a b "Article: Toyota's ad constants: Stress quality, seek a feel-good connection". Automotive News. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-170590405/toyota-ad-constants-stress.html. Retrieved 2009-12-15. 

^ "Article: Toyota hopes to continue "Moving Forward" with new ad campaign.". Associated Press. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-13515535_ITM. Retrieved 2009-12-15. 

^ Strategos-International. Toyota Production System and Lean Manufacturing.

^ a b Toyota internal document, "The Toyota Way 2001," April 2001

^ a b Liker, J. 2004. The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World's Greatest Manufacturer.

^ "Toyota tops 1 million in hybrid sales"

^ Consumer reports lists Toyota as having the most reliable cars

^ Hyde, Justin (2009-12-30). "Toyota's 1st in safety recalls for 1st time". freep.com. Detroit Free Press. http://www.freep.com/article/20091230/BUSINESS01/912300358/1210/Business/Toyotas-1st-in-safety-recalls-for-1st-time. Retrieved 2009-12-30. 

^ Toyota's plan for Lexus is a reminder of its real goal (August 1, 2005). Financial Times, p. 16.

^ "Toyota Surpasses GM in Global Sales in First Quarter (Update3)", Bloomberg.com, 24 April 2007

^ Vella, Matt (July 17, 2006).The Most recalled Cars Business Week Online at Yahoo News.

^ G.M. narrows sales gap with Toyota on non-U.S. demand - Salt Lake Tribune

^ "Car Slump Jolts Toyota, Halting 70 Years of Gain". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/23/business/23auto.html?_r=1&fta=y. Retrieved 2009-01-06. 

^ "Toyota to Shut Factories for 11 Days". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/business/worldbusiness/07toyota.html?bl&ex=1231390800&en=be40ce4593ec2976&ei=5087%0A. Retrieved 2009-01-06. 

^ [dead link]

^ "Toyota names Akio Toyoda as next president". UPI.com. 2009-01-09. http://www.upi.com/Business_News/2009/01/09/Toyota-names-Akio-Toyoda-as-next-president/UPI-99791231535710/. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ [dead link]

^ "TOYOTA: IMV Project". Toyota. http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/strategy/imv/index.html. Retrieved 2008-02-29. 

^ "Toyota's Woodstock plant opens". Canadiandriver.com. 2008-12-04. http://www.canadiandriver.com/forum/index.php?topic=60229. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ [dead link]

^ Alan Ohnsman and Kae Inoue (2009-08-28). "Toyota Will Shut California Plant in First Closure". Bloomberg.com. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aJlxuxndoOsM. Retrieved 2009-08-29. 

^ a b "Toyota Global Hybrid Sales Top Two Million Mark". Kelly Blue Book Green. http://www.kbb.com/kbb/green-cars/articles.aspx?BlogPostId=1664. Retrieved 2009-10-24. 

^ "Toyota tops 2 million hybrid sales worldwide". AutobloGreen. 2009-09-04. http://green.autoblog.com/2009/09/04/toyota-tops-2-million-hybrid-sales-worldwide/. Retrieved 2009-10-24. 

^ A New Year's Greeting from Toyota President Katsuaki Watanabe

^ "Toyota patents"

^ http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/10/business/10prius.html

^ "Uninformed Wall St. Journal Columnist Critiques Volt; Related GM News". Calcars.org. http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/1025.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Automotive News - hybrid segment article". Automotive News. http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070416/REG/70416014/-1. 

^ Planet Ark : Toyota to Offer Some Plug-Ins by 2010

^ TOYOTA: Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle

^ Report Toyota PHEV Road Test in Japan + Possible Unveiling in Fall

^ "Toyota Dealers Sold on Hymotion Plug-In Hybrids". greentechmedia.com. 2008-06-05. http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/toyota-dealers-sold-on-hymotion-plug-in-hybrids-977.html. Retrieved 2008-07-05. 

^ "Toyota Advances PHEVs to Fleets to 2009; Ford Stays on Sidelines". Cal Cars Initiative. 2008-08-28. http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/990.html. Retrieved 2008-09-12. 

^ "Top Gear - Episode Archive - Series 3". BBC. 2003-11-23. http://www.bbc.co.uk/topgear/show/episodes/series3episode5.shtml. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Toyota Outlines Motor Sports Activities for 2009". 2009-03-16. http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/news/09/0316.html. Retrieved 2010-01-20. 

^ Toyota to sink $67.2 mln in Mitsubishi passenger jet, China Economic Net, May 23, 2008

^ Toyota press release of first flight

^ "Toyota Philanthropy". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2001. http://www.toyota.com/about/diversity/2001/philanthropy.html. 

^ a b "Toyota Education". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2001. http://www.toyota.com/about/community/education/index.html. 

^ "Technology | Robot trumpets Toyota's know-how". BBC News. 2004-03-11. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3501336.stm. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ a b "Toyota Developing A Wheelchair Driven By The Mind". PopSci.com.au. 2009-07-01. http://www.popsci.com.au/scitech/article/2009-06/toyota-developing-wheelchair-driven-mind. Retrieved 2009-07-01. 

^ "Toyota for investors, Frequently Asked Questions". Toyota Motor Corporation Global Site. Toyota Motor Corporation. 2007-02-02. http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/ir/faq/share.html. Retrieved 2008-07-11. 

^ "Japan asked to bail out Toyota - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 2009-03-03. http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/03/2506461.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Toyota Motor Corporation (1998). Outline of Toyota. 

^ "Toyota Sets Sales Record for Sixth Year in a Row". Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2002/01/03/034042.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Toyota Announces Best Sales Year in Its 46-Year History, Breaks Sales Record for Eighth Year in a Row". Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/01/05/175869.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Toyota Reports 2005 and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/01/04/205039.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Toyota Reports 2007 and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2008/01/03/074293.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ a b c d e f g h "TOYOTA IN THE WORLD 2009" Databook. http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/about_toyota/in_the_world/index.html. 

^ "Toyota Reports 2008 and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2009/01/05/346214.html. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years. Toyota Motor Corporation. 1988. ISBN 0-517-61777-3. , p461.

^ Toyota Outlines Fourth Toyota Environmental Action Plan japancorp.net May 13, 2005 retrieved April 30, 2008

^ Toyota Unveils "Eco-VAS" for Environmental Assessment Japan's Corporate News June 16, 2003 retrieved 30 April 2008

^ Toyota Environmental Activities Grant Program Accepting Applications Japan's Corporate News Apr 25, 2008 retrieved 30 April 2008

^ Toyota to Introduce Eco Drive Indicator; New Feature Aims to Encourage Environmentally Considerate Driving JCN Newswire Sept 29, 2006 retrieved 30 April 2008

^ Toyota Announces Million Dollar Donation to Everglades National Park. cnn.money May 06, 2008 retrieved same day

^ "New Study Shows $56 Billion in Hidden Health Damage From Autos". 2009-10-21. http://worldchanging.com/archives/010651.html. Retrieved 2009-10-23. 

^ "Manufacturing & Engineering : EPA Recognizes Toyota with 2007 Energy Star Sustained Excellence Award / Toyota". Pressroom.toyota.com. http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/manufacturing/TYT2007032011455.aspx?ncid=12042. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "Manufacturing & Engineering : EPA Recognizes Toyota with 2008 Energy Star Sustained Excellence Award / Toyota". Pressroom.toyota.com. http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/manufacturing/TYT2008041488186.aspx?ncid=12042. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ "NUMMI Truck Plant : ENERGY STAR". Energystar.gov. http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=labeled_buildings.showplantProfile&plantprofile_id=50. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

^ Abuelsamid, Sam (2008-07-25). "Toyota tops big company CAFE ratings for 2007 model year with 29.69 mpg Autoblog". Autoblog.com. http://www.autoblog.com/2008/07/25/toyota-tops-big-company-cafe-ratings-for-2007-model-year-with-29/. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 

2005 Toyota Highlander Hybrid. Retrieved January 11, 2004 from CanadianDriver Communications, Inc. (2004)

Toyota up close Sales figures of Toyota.

Toyota becomes 3rd ranked US automaker behind GM and Ford Bloomberg Report.

Consumer Reports reverses practice of automatically recommending all new Toyota cars and trucks, Oct 16, 2007 ("Consumer Reports will no longer recommend any new or redesigned Toyota-built models without reliability data on a specific design," the publication said in a statement. "Previously, new and redesigned models were recommended because of the automaker's excellent track record.")

Toyota Struggles to Meet Hybrid, Small Car Demand

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Toyota

Wikinews has related news: Category:Toyota

Toyota Motor official global site, in English

Toyota Motor official global site, in Japanese

Toyota Automobile Museum in Aichi, Japan

Toyota Motorsport GmbH official site, in English

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 previous Toyota road car timeline, North American market, 1980sresent

Type

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

Model year

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

Subcompact

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Echo

Yaris

Starlet

Corolla FX

Paseo

Paseo

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Compact

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Matrix

Matrix

Corona

Camry

Camry

Prius

Mid-size

Prius

Prius

Camry

Camry

Camry

Camry

Camry Solara

Camry Solara

Venza

Full-size

Cressida

Cressida

Cressida

Cressida

Avalon

Avalon

Avalon

Sport compact

Corolla GT-S

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Sports

Celica Supra

Celica Supra

Supra

Supra

MR2

MR2

MR2 Spyder

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Toyota light truck timeline, North American market, 1980sresent (model years)

Type

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

Compact Crossover

RAV4

RAV4

RAV4

Compact SUV

4Runner

4Runner

FJ Cruiser

Mid-size Crossover

Highlander

Highlander

Mid-size SUV

4Runner

4Runner

4Runner

Full-size SUV

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Sequoia

Sequoia

Minivan

Toyota Van

Previa

Sienna

Sienna

Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Tacoma

Tacoma

T100

Tundra

Tundra

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 previous Toyota road cars timeline, 1985resent

Type

1980s

1990s

2000s

Model year

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Subcompact

Starlet KP70

Starlet KP80

Vitz P10

Vitz P90

Starlet KP90

Tercel, Corolla II, Corsa L20

Tercel, Corolla II, Corsa L30

Tercel, Corolla II, Corsa L40

Tercel, Corolla II, Corsa L50

Platz

Belta

Funcargo

Ractis

bB

bB

bB

ist NPC6

ist NCP11

Compact

Corolla, Sprinter E80

Corolla, Sprinter E90

Corolla, Sprinter E100

Corolla, Sprinter E110

Corolla, Sprinter E120/130

Corolla, Sprinter E140/150

Corona T150

Corona T170

Corona T190

Corona T210

Corona Premio

Premio

Corona EXIV

Corona EXIV

Cynos

Cynos

Camry V10

Camry V20

Camry V30

Camry V40

Avensis

Avensis

Vista V10

Vista V20

Vista V30

Vista V40

Vista V50

Compact luxury

Altezza

Progress

Brevis

Compact Wagon/VAN

Altezza Ghita

Voltz

Carina Surf

Caldina T190

Caldina T210

Caldina T240

Mid-size car

Camry XV20

Camry XV30

Camry XV40

Scepter

Windom VCV10

Windom MCV20

Windom MCV30

Aristo JZS147

Aristo JZS160

Mark II, Cressida, Chaser, Cresta X70

Mark II, Cressida, Chaser, Cresta X80

Mark II, Chaser, Cresta X90

Mark II, Chaser, Cresta X100

Mark II, Verossa X110

Mark X, Mark II Blit X120

Mark X X130

Mid-size wagon

Mark II Qualis

Camry Gracia

Full-size

Crown S120

Crown S130

Crown S130/S140

Crown S150

Crown S170

Crown S180

Crown S200

Celsior UCF10

Celsior UCF20

Celsior UCF30

Hybrid

Prius NHW10

Prius NHW11

Prius NHW20

Flagship car

Century VG40

Century GZG5x

Sport compact

Celica A60

Celica T160

Celica T180

Celica T200

Celica T230

Carina A60

Cavalier

Carina T150

Carina T170

Carina T190

Carina T210

Allion T240

Allion T260

Carina ED T160

Carina ED T180

Carina ED T200

Sports

Soarer Z1

Soarer Z2

Soarer Z30

Soarer Z40

Celica XX MA61/3/ GA61

Supra MA70/GA70/JZA70

Supra JZA

Roadster

MR2 AW10/11

MR2 SW20

MR-S ZZW30

Limited edition

Toyota Sera

Toyota Classic

Toyota Origin

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Lexus a division of Toyota Motor Corp. road vehicle timeline

Type

1990s

2000s

2010s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

Entry-level luxury

IS

IS

HS

Mid-size luxury

ES

ES

ES

ES

ES

GS

GS

GS

Full-size luxury

LS

LS

LS

LS

Crossover

RX

RX

RX

SUV

GX

GX

LX

LX

LX

Coupe

IS C

SC

SC

Sport

IS F

LFA

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Scion a marque of Toyota Motor Corp. road vehicle timeline

Type

2000s

2010s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

Subcompact

xA

xD

xB

Compact

xB

Coupe

tC

Concept cars: bbX  ccX  t2B  Fuse  Hako Coupe  iQ

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Toyota Motor Corporation

Marques

Toyota  Lexus  Scion  Daihatsu  Hino  Subaru (FHI shareholder)  Isuzu (shareholder)  Yamaha (Yamaha shareholder)

Current vehicles

4Runner  Allion  Alphard  Auris  Aurion  Avalon  Avanza  Avensis  Aygo  bB  Belta/Vios  Blade  Camry  Camry Hybrid  Century  Coaster  Corolla  Corolla Axio  Corolla Fielder  Corolla Rumion  Corolla Verso  Crown Athlete  Crown Comfort  Crown Hybrid  Crown Majesta  Crown Royal  Dyna  Estima/Previa  Estima Hybrid  FJ Cruiser  Fortuner   Harrier  Harrier Hybrid  Hiace  Highlander  Highlander Hybrid  Hilux  Hilux Surf/4Runner  Hilux VIGO  Innova  iQ  Isis  ist  Kijang  Kluger  Kluger Hybrid  Land Cruiser  Land Cruiser Prado  Liteace  Mark X/Reiz  Mark X ZiO  Matrix  Noah  Passo  Passo Sette  Porte  Premio  Prius  Probox  Quick Delivery  Ractis  Raum  RAV4  Regius Ace  Rush  Semibon  Sequoia  Sienna  Sienta  Soluna Vios  Succeed  Tacoma  TownAce  ToyoAce   Tundra  Urban Cruiser  Vanguard  Vellfire  Venza  Verso  Vitz/Yaris  Voxy   WISH

Past vehicles

2000GT  AA  Allex  Altezza  Aristo  Brevis  Caldina  Cami  Camry Solara  Carina  Carina ED   Celica  Celica GT-Four  Celsior  Chaser  Classic  Corona  Corona EXiV   Corolla Ceres  Corolla Spacio  Corsa  Cressida  Cresta  Curren  Cynos  FA/DA  DA115  Duet   Echo  FJ40  Fun Cargo   Gaia   Granvia  Grand Hiace  Ipsum  Lexcen  Mark II  Mark II Blit  Mark II Qualis  Mega Cruiser  MR2  MR-S  Opa   Origin  Paseo  Picnic  Platz  Progrs  Pronard  Publica  Regius   Revo  Scepter  Sports 800  SA  Sera  Soarer  Sprinter   Sprinter Marino  Starlet  Stout  Supra  T100  Tamaraw  Tercel  Tiara  Van  Verossa  Vista  Voltz  WiLL  Windom

Concept vehicles

1957 Sports  Sports X   4500GT  A-BAT  Alessandro Volta  Avalon  AXV-IV  CAL-1  Camry TS-01  Celica Cruising Deck  Corona Sports Coupe  CS&S  eCom  EX-1  EX-11  EX-3  EX-7  F101  F1/Ultimate Celica  F3R  Fine-N  Fine-S  Fine-X  FT-86  FT-HS  FT-SX  FTX  FX-1  FXV  FXV-II  FXS  GTV   Hybrid X  i-swing  i-unit  Marinetta  Marinetta 10  Motor Triathlon Race Car  MP-1   NLSV  PM  Pod  Project Go   Publica Sports  RSC  RV-1  RV-2  Sport  Sportivo Coupe  Station Wagon  Street Affair   SV-1  SV-3  TAC3  VM180 Zagato  X   XYR

Engines  Transmissions  Manufacturing Facilities  Hybrid Synergy Drive  Toyota Racing Development  Motorsports

v  d  e

Toyota Racing

Personnel: Tadashi Yamashina | John Howett | Pascal Vasselon | Ove Andersson | Tsutomu Tomita

Notable drivers: Timo Glock | Olivier Panis | Kamui Kobayashi | Ralf Schumacher | Jarno Trulli

Formula One cars: TF101 | TF102 | TF103 | TF104 | TF104B | TF105 | TF105B | TF106 | TF106B | TF107 | TF108 | TF109

v  d  e

Toyota sportscar racers (1968 - 1999)

Group 7 (1968 - 1970)

7

Group C (1983 - 1994)

83C  84C  85C  86C  87C  88C  89C-V  92C-V  TS010

IMSA GTP (1988 - 1993)

Mk I  HF89  Mk III

Le Mans (1998 - 1999)

GT-One (TS020)

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Automobile industry in Japan

Marques

ASL  Daihatsu  Dome (Jiotto  Hayashi)  Honda (Acura)  Isuzu  Kojima  Mitsuoka  Mazda (Amati  Autozam  Eunos  Efini  Xedos)  Mitsubishi Motors  Nissan (Datsun  Infiniti  Prince)  UD Nissan Diesel  Otomo  Subaru  Suzuki (Hope)   Tommy Kaira  Toyota (Hino Motors  Lexus  Scion  Sigma  TOM'S)  Yamaha

Association

Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association

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Nikkei 225 companies of Japan

7&i  Advantest  ON  AGC  Ajinomoto  ALPS  ANA  Asahi Breweries  Asahi Kasei  Astellas  Bank of Yokohama  Bridgestone  Canon  Casio  Chiba Bank  Chiyoda  Chuden  Chugai  Chuo Mitsui Trust  Citizen  Clarion  Comsys  Credit Saison  CSK  Daiichi Sankyo  Daikin  Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma  Daiwa House  Daiwa Securities  Denka  Denso  Dentsu  DNP  Dowa  Ebara  Eisai  Fanuc  Fast Retailing  Fuji Electric  Fuji Heavy Industries  Fujifilm  Fujikura  Fujitsu  Fukuoka Financial  Furukawa  Furukawa Electric  GS Yuasa  Heiwa Real Estate  Hino  Hitachi  Hitachi Construction Machinery  Hitz  Hokuetsu Paper  Honda  IHI  INPEX  Isetan-Mitsukoshi  Isuzu  Itochu  JAL  JFE  J. Front Retailing  JGC  JR East  JR West  JSW  JT  JTEKT  Kajima  Kao  Kawasaki  KDDI  Keio  Keisei  Kikkoman  Kirin  K Line  Kobelco  Komatsu  Konami  Konica Minolta  Kubota  Kuraray  Kyocera  Kyowa Hakko Kirin  Marubeni  Marui  Matsui Securities  Mazda  Meidensha  Meiji Dairies  Meiji Seika  MES  Minebea  Mitsubishi Chemical  Mitsubishi Corporation  Mitsubishi Electric  Mitsubishi Estate  Mitsubishi Heavy Industries  Mitsubishi Logistics  Mitsubishi Materials  Mitsubishi Motors  Mitsubishi Paper  Mitsubishi Rayon  Mitsui & Co.  Mitsui Chemicals  Mitsui Fudosan  Mitsui Kinzoku  Mitsumi  Mizuho  Mizuho Trust  MOL  MSIG  MUFG  NEC  NGK  Nichirei  Nikon  Nippon Express  Nippon Kayaku  Nippon Light Metal  Nippon Ham  Nippon Mining  Nippon Oil  Nippon Paper  Nippon Soda  Nippon Steel  Nippon Suisan  Nissan  Nissan Chemical  Nisshin Seifun  Nisshinbo  Nittobo  Nomura  NSG  NSK  NTN  NTT  NT...